Arasbaran(Garadagh)
The mountainous area is large in the north of East Azarbaijan province, Which extends from the north of the Ghushha Dagh mountains in the southern Ahar to the Aras River. Arasbaran in the east with Meshgin city and Moghan, In the south with Sarab city and in the west with the city of Tabriz and borderline with Marand County. In 1976, UNESCO recorded 72,460 hectares of the area in the range from 40 ° 38 ‘to 8 ° 39’ north, and ’39 ° 46 ‘to’ 2 ° 47 ‘east, as a biosphere reserve. The overall description of UNESCO is that this biosphere reserve is located in the Caucasian mountains of Iran near the border with the Republic of Azerbaijan and Armenia. The area, located between the Caspian, Caucasian and Mediterranean regions, has mountains up to 2200 meters, alpine meadows, semi-arid plains, pastures and forests, rivers and springs. Arasbaran is home to approximately 23,500 nomadic people, mostly living in the buffer and transitional areas of the area. Includes economic activities in the habitat of agriculture, livestock, horticulture, beekeeping, crafts and tourism, but in urban areas business activities are also ongoing.
Arasbaran Touristic Capabilities
Announcement of a section of Arasbaran as a biosphere by UNESCO has effect on the tourist potential of the region. The beauty of Arasbaran’s nature has attracted the attention of the westerners who have seen the region. For example, a Canadian tourist describes Calabria as a remote and sleepy city in the midst of mountainous climbers whose peaks are hidden under the thick fog. … a great place; to be refreshing and green in the UK and beyond our mentality of the desert and dry nature of Iran.
Biosphere reserves, in addition to being influenced by the Mediterranean climate, also have an effect on the impact of the Caspian and Caucasian climates, and due to the high altitude differences, it has a variety of climates and climates. The average annual rainfall in the Keliabear Meteorological Station was 461 mm for a 20 year period. The relatively high rainfall in this region, which is mostly in the form of snow, and its low evaporation, has led to the flow of large mountains from its high mountains into Aras River.
Geographically, Arasbaran is the site of three different climates of Caspian, Caucasian and Mediterranean. The appearance and distribution of the Arasbaran vegetation has a special legal status, so that the southern slopes are basically covered with pasture, and the forest is mainly observed on the northern slopes and between the altitudes of 800 m to about 220 m, and areas with elevations higher than 2200 m and less than 800 It is a rangeland. In the Arasbaran National Park, 220 species of birds, 38 species of reptiles, five species of amphibians, 48 species of mammals (such as goat, boar, brown bear, wolf, “Vasha” (Lynx) and “Leopard”) and 22 species of fish Known. Of the species of the Arasbaran native birds, it is possible to refer to the “Caucasian Rooster” , Quebec, Daggues and Pheasants, and various types of birds and numerous countless water birds and wildlife. Maral, an extinct species in the Arasbaran region is also abandoned by the transfer of seven vertices from the Golestan National Park to an area of seven acres in the Aynalou Research Center. Arasbarran, regardless of hunting, economic, social and cultural attractions, due to the presence of rare species of herbal and animal species, its pristine and extensive outbreaks, and its fragility and vulnerability in the years 1350 and 1352, were initially protected as protected areas and then protected areas. The oversight has been announced and has recently been promoted to Arasbaran National Park.
Meanwhile, the forests of oak hornbeam, along with varieties such as Kikem, Smaq, Barberry, Wild pomegranate, Wild apples and pears, wild cherry trees, and dense forest areas with wet climates represent the forest richness of the area. The forest fruit Qaraqat is also abundant in the Arasbaran forests. Due to its special and climatic and geographical conditions, the Arasbaran region enjoys a rich variety of herbs and fungi. In recent years, Dr. Mohammad Reza Asif has collected, identified more than 250 species of mushrooms from the region during several years of continuous and continuous sampling of fungi in Arasbaran region. Tungal mushrooms are found in the groves of the Arasbaran region, especially in the vicinity of the village of Drilo. It is noteworthy that the follower in the Turkish language means swollen, so that the mushroom grows a little during the growth of its high soils, and the inhabitants find this sign of the fungus. In addition, the same name refers to the use of this fungus in the Arasbaran region.